A method and an apparatus for predicting a high band excitation signal are disclosed. The method includes: acquiring, according to a received low band bitstream, a set of spectral frequency parameters that are arranged in an order of frequencies, calculating a spectral frequency parameter difference between every two spectral frequency parameters that have a same position interval; acquiring a minimum spectral frequency parameter difference from the calculated spectral frequency parameter differences; determining, according to a frequency bin that corresponds to the minimum spectral frequency parameter difference, a start frequency bin for predicting a high band excitation signal from a low band; and predicting the high band excitation signal from the low band according to the start frequency bin. By implementing embodiments of the present invention, a high band excitation signal can be better predicted, thereby improving performance of the high band excitation signal.