Provided are a solid-state image pickup apparatus which includes: a semiconductor substrate having a plurality of photoelectric converters; a first and a second insulating layers formed on the semiconductor substrate; an optical waveguide formed above each of the plurality of photoelectric converters and in an opening portion of the first and the second insulating layers, and has a refractive index higher than a refractive index of the first insulating layer; and a light reflecting layer formed at a boundary between the optical waveguide and the second insulating layer, and has a refractive index lower than a refractive index of the optical waveguide, where the following expression is satisfied: α