Provided is a trace data collection system, including: a controller including: a trace start signal transmission determination unit configured to determine a condition for transmitting a trace start signal; and a trace start signal transmission unit configured to transmit the trace start signal; and a motor control device including: a trace start signal reception unit configured to receive the trace start signal; a trace start determination unit configured to set at least reception of the trace start signal as a trace start condition; and a first trace data collection unit configured to collect first trace data relating to a motor.