A cleaning robot has an optical measuring device for determining the type of surface to be cleaned. The optical measuring device has a light source and at least two light sensors. Light emitted by the light source hits a reflection point of the surface at an angle of incidence (α), and is reflected to the first light sensor at a corresponding angle of reflection (β). The light source, reflection point and first light sensor span a plane of incidence. A secondary plane that intersects the reflection point and has a second light sensor spans perpendicular to the surface, and exhibits an angle (δ) of between 80° and 100° relative to the plane of incidence. A straight line running through the reflection point and second light sensor has an angle (γ) relative to the surface that is essentially as large as the angle of incidence (α) or angle of reflection (β).