Provided are a resin composition for underlayer film formation with which a variation hardly occurs in the line width distribution after processing due to a small thickness of a residual film after mold pressing, a layered product, a method for forming a pattern, an imprint forming kit, and a process for producing a device.Disclosed is a resin composition for underlayer film formation which is used to form an underlayer film by being applied onto a base material, including a first resin having a radical reactive group in the side chain, a second resin containing at least one selected from a fluorine atom and a silicon atom, and a solvent. The second resin is preferably a resin containing a fluorine atom. The radical reactive group of the first resin is preferably a (meth)acryloyl group.