The invention relates to the technical field of naphthalene-containing tail gas treatment, and in particular relates to a treatment system and method for naphthalene-containing tail gas in a naphthalene storage tank. The treatment system for the naphthalene-containing tail gas in the naphthalene storage tank is formed by sequentially connecting the naphthalene storage tank, an air cooler, a washing oil absorption device, an induced draft fan and a defoaming tower; the air cooler is divided into left and right independent symmetrical parts by a partition plate, the left and right parts use a material clearing opening, each part includes an axial fan, a distribution pipe box, a tail-gas inlet and a tail-gas outlet, and a pipe bundle is arranged in pipe boxes; and the washing oil absorption device comprises a washing oil tank, an absorption tower, a washing oil circulation pump and a condenser, the upper part of the washing oil tank is in closed connection with the bottom of the absorption tower, and the washing oil tank is connected with an washing oil inlet of the middle of the absorption tower through the oil washing circulation pump and the condenser. According to the treatment system for the naphthalene-containing tail gas provided by the invention, the device is simple, the equipment input costs are low, the continuous treatment of the naphthalene-containing tail gas is realized, naphthalene in the tail gas is effectively recovered, and the system does not generate waste gas or waste water in the whole process, saves energy and protects the environment.