The invention discloses an elastic high temperature resistant ceramic heat insulation tile and a preparation method of same and belongs to the field of functional composite materials. In the invention, with AlCl3, zirconium oxychloride octahydrate, and tetraethoxysilane being precursors, in an ethanol/water solvent, epoxy chloropropane is added as a gel network inducer to improve the high temperature resistance; pyrene butyric acid oxide is added as a molecular glue to connect a graphene framework, a mixture containing SiO2 and the like, and polyvinyl alcohol tightly, thus improving the toughness of the tile; by adding aluminum sec-butoxide, ethyl acetoacetate and boric acid, it is ensured that the heat insulation tile is tightly attached to surrounding components, thus fully achieving theheat insulation effect; by adding gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane modified titanium diboride, compactness of the heat insulation tile is increased. The components, at high temperature, fully achievethe functions thereof to form complementation, so that the heat insulation tile is improved in overall mechanical performance. The product solves the problem of low mechanical performance and poor high temperature resistance in the prior art that phenolic resin pyrolysis carbon is used as an adhesion phase in heat insulation tiles.