The invention belongs to the field of coke oven thermal overhaul, and particularly discloses a overhaul and oven baking method of coke oven combustion chambers. The method comprises the steps that gasmicropore plates of the combustion chambers at the joint parts of adjacent walls, a new wall and an old wall are lined up and adjusted again according to the air flow circulating principle, so that the temperature in the combustion chambers on the two sides and the joint part of the new wall and the old wall is always maintained 850 DEG C or above, the situation that the temperature of an un-overhauled oven wall drops to the silica brick crystal type transforming point or below, and thus damage of the oven wall is aggravated is prevented. In addition, in the building process of the new oven wall, a protection wall is built simultaneously in a carbonization chamber, by adjusting the temperature of the combustion chambers at the joint parts of the adjacent wall and the new wall and the oldwall, oven baking is conducted on the newly built brickwork by utilizing radiative transferring and conduction heat transferring, and the situation that oven baking and temperature rising are conducted after bricking is completed, thus the overhaul effect is affected since the expansibility of the new wall and the old wall is inconsistent is avoided.