The invention relates to the field of composite materials for denture, in particular to a zirconium oxide/resin bionic composite material for the denture and a preparation method thereof. The zirconium oxide/resin bionic composite material is prepared from the following components of 20vol% to 97vol% of zirconium oxide and biocompatible resin, and is of a bionic lamellar structure, a brick-wall structure or a crossed laminating structure in a microscopic way. The zirconium oxide/resin bionic composite material has the advantages that the oriented porous blank with the lamellar structure is obtained by slurry preparation, freezing-casting and vacuum freeze-drying, and is compressed along the lamellar structure direction to form the crossed laminating structure; the zirconium oxide skeletonwith the lamellar structure or crossing laminating structure can be prepared by removing organic matters and sintering, and the zirconium oxide skeleton of the brick-wall structure can be obtained through the vertical compression of the lamellar structure skeleton and the secondary sintering; the surface is subjected to surface modifying and liquid resin monomer permeating, and the resin is polymerized, so as to obtain the zirconium oxide/resin bionic composite material for the denture with the bionic structure; the prepared zirconium oxide/resin bionic composite material is mainly used as thedenture, so as to reduce the abrasion to the normal teeth of a human body by the denture.