The invention discloses a conductive tissue engineering scaffold. The scaffold is made of a biocompatible material, conductive fiber or a network formed by the conductive fiber is arranged in the scaffold in an oriented manner, and the conductive fiber consists of a polypyrrole conductive casing and a silk fibroin core. The scaffold has good stability, excellent mechanical performance and lastingelectrical activity, oriented conductivity can be realized, electrical stimulation can promote growth and differentiation of cells, and the oriented fiber arrangement structure can perform oriented guide on nerve axon growth and promote nerve regeneration.