The invention discloses a sensitive word filtering method based on text content. The method comprises the steps that a Chinese sensitive word bank is constructed, Chinese words in the Chinese sensitive word bank are expanded to be pinyin blend words, and a pinyin blend sensitive word bank is formed; a transfer function for determining all sensitive words in a finite state automata is established through a sensitive word search tree structure, and sensitive words in the pinyin blend sensitive word bank are made into a sensitive word tree; and the sensitive words are retrieved in a text according to the structure of the sensitive word tree, and the retrieved sensitive words are replaced with designated signs to complete sensitive word filtering. The method is high in recall ratio and easy to implement in practical application.