The present invention discloses a structural light parameter calibration device and method based on a front-coating plane mirror. The calibration device includes a camera, a laser, a front-coating plane mirror, a flat glass target, and white printing paper. The white printing paper receives a laser beam and presents a real light strip image, and the camera captures the real light stripe image and a mirror light stripe image on the front-coating plane mirror. Feature points are used to determine a rotation matrix, a translation vector, and a vanishing point for the image. The present invention achieves better quality of light stripe and better extraction accuracy, provides feature points with micron-level positional accuracy and more calibration points, and features higher calibration accuracy and more stable calibration results.